Abstract Sex steroid hormones are involved in the metabolism, accumulation and distribution of adipose tissues. It is now known that oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and androgen receptor exist in adipose tissues, so their actions could be direct. Sex steroid hormones carry out their function in adipose tissues by both genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. In the…
Foreword The effects of testosterone treatment of abdominally obese men have been assessed by evaluating the following parameters: The metabolic activity of different adipose tissue regions in vivo (using lipid label as a tracer) and in vitro (measuring lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity), the total and visceral adipose tissue mass, insulin sensitivity, fasting blood glucose, blood…
Abstract The normal menopause—that is, the final cessation of menstruation—is caused by primary ovarian failure. The estrogen deficiency that results often causes vasomotor instability (flushing and sweating attacks), genital atrophy (vaginal dryness and discomfort), and bladder irritability, together with difficulties in cognition and loss of a general feeling of well-being. This climacteric syndrome, readily reversible…
BACKGROUND: Although observational studies suggest that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women, use of unopposed ERT for prevention of coronary heart disease in healthy postmenopausal women remains untested. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of unopposed ERT on the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women without preexisting cardiovascular…
Melatonin is a circadian rhythm hormone that affects sleep patterns. Research shows that during deeper sleep stages, cells in the body rejuvenate and repair and CD4 or t helper cells are produced. These are white blood cells that help the body destroy infectious particles that have an antioxidant effect. Melatonin and proves immunity by increasing…
Thyroid is a metabolic hormone secreted by the thyroid gland located in your neck region. Thyroid regulates temperature, metabolism, and cerebral function. Thyroid helps increase energy levels, fat breakdown, and cognition while lowering cholesterol and protecting against cardiovascular disease. Thyroid hormone is probably the safest and most beneficial cholesterol-lowering agent, yet it is infrequently used…
Progesterone is a fundamental female hormone that is responsible for the production of estrogen and cortisol. Progesterone is important to fertility because it protects against uterine and breast cancers, osteoporosis, fibrocystic disease, and ovarian cyst. Progesterone is secreted by the ovaries, but ceases production at perimenopausal stages. Many Physicians prescribe synthetic progestin, which caused such…
Estrogen is required to prevent urogenital atrophy, urinary incontinence, sagging skin, increased fatigue, depression, mood swings, and decreased sexual drive. Estrogen treat hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and memory loss. Estrogen May prevent osteoporosis and protects against heart disease, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes. At menopause, the ovary cease production of estrogen. While synthetic estrogen has…
Testosterone is a hormone associated with men yet it is extremely important for women as well, making supplementation absolutely recommended for both sexes. Testosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands, testes and ovaries. In addition to increasing lean muscle mass, strength, and endurance, with testosterone exercise tolerance and decreased fat May contribute to psychological status.…
Common side effects of hormone replacement. Most side effects with hormone replacement go away on their own as your own body adapts to fluctuating hormone levels. If homeostasis in balance persist beyond four to six weeks or is severe let your physician immediately. There are adjustments that can be made to counteract severe side effects…
